"Is it good policy to give the bike a test run after every little adjustment?"
I think it's a darn good excuse for yet another ride out!

Well I'm going to give a complete different reply to what everyone else is likely to write. The fact is, is that I have a serious to profound hearing loss. A lot of sounds especially those of a higher frequency, I dont hear at all. I have to take along someone to listen to the bike if I am making a purchase or ask someone for their opinion of what they can hear if I feel there maybe something wrong.
It probably is important to hear what is going on inside the engine or other parts of the bike but then again I suppose one can get a bit paranoid as you mention in your account of the overhaul. I also think that if you ride the machine very regularly then you get the 'feel' of the bike and come to 'know' if it is in fine fettle or not. I'm afraid I have to rely on a serious vibration or instinct before I eventually pull over for further investigation.
